TECH 046: PART III

TURNING MACHINES AND PROCESSES

THE ENGINE LATHE

A) Sizes and categories

1. Jeweler’s/instrument

2. Massive or heavy-duty

3. Toolmaker’s

4. Turret types

5. Tracer type

6. Turning centers (CNC)

B) Parts and major components

1. See p. 399 for parts

2. Headstock

3. Tailstock

4. Cross slide

5. Compound rest

6. Bed ways

7. Spindle

8. Carriage

9. Tool holder

10. Half nut

11. Lead screw

12. Index plate

13. Gear selector

14. Chip pan

15. Tool post

16. Thread/feed selector lever

17. Lead screw direction control

18. Carriage hand wheel

19. Power feed lever

20. Cross feed hand wheel

21. Speed range selector

22. Thread dial

23. Set-over screw

C) Turning machining safety

·        Keep hands off rotating components

·        Wear goggles or face shields always

·        Avoid sudden reversal of spinning spindles

·        Avoid touching/handling hot components and chips

·        Avoid touching sharp edges, corners and projections

·        Release belt tension during cleanup

·        Remove chuck wrench from chuck before turning machine on

·        Use correct speed and feed for each turning operation

·        Do proper setup for each turning operation

·        Never stop rotating chuck or spindle with your hand

·        Always use a sharp tool

·        Use the tailstock to support long work pieces

·        Never leave an operating machine unattended

·        Form a good housekeeping habit

·        Take all work piece measurements after the spindle has stopped

 

D)  Tool holders and tool holding for the lathe:

            1.  Quick-change tool holder and accessories

            2.  Tailstock and accessories

            3.  Tailstock turret

            4.  Standard-type tool post, tool holders etc.

 

E)  Cutting tools for the lathe:

            1.  Cutting tool geometry (see p. 437)

            2.  Carbide inserts

            3.  Right-and left-hand types

            4.  Threading tools

            5.  General purpose types

            6.  Form tools

            7.  Cutoff tools

            8.  Drill bits

 

F)   Lathe spindle tooling:

1.  Setups, speeds and feeds for fast and slow turning operations

            2.  Speeds for turning

            3.  Facing

            4.  Center drilling

            5.  Drilling

            6.  Boring

            7.  Reaming

            8.  Threading

            9.  Grooving

            10.  Parting

            11.  Knurling

            12.  Taper turning

            13.  Straight turning

 

H)  Lathe work holding devices:

            1.  Chucks

            2.  Centers and dogs

            3.  Collets

            4.  Face plates

            5.  Mandrels

 

I)  Lathe attachments:

            1.  Threading attachment

            2.  Taper attachment

            3.  Steady rest and follower rest attachments

 

J)  Lathe work between centers:

            1.  Using centers

            2.  Using dogs or drive plates

3.  Using follower and steady rests